Home / ID Guides / Groundstone 245
- Sandstone Cylinder
Description: Cylinder made of sandstone. The circular cross-sections at both ends show use. One end is beveled. Dimensions: 5.7 cm long, diameter of 1.9 cm. Collection: On display at the Tuzigoot National Monument Visitor Center ( catalog card). - Shaft Straightener
Description: Shaft straightener with an ovoid shape, flattened face, very smooth bottom and a groove across width. Dimensions: 6.4 x 11.3 x 3 cm, groove width 1.6 cm, groove diameter 0.5 cm. Collection: On display at the Tuzigoot National Monument Visitor Center (catalog card). - Manos
Archaic-type manos from southern Arizona. - Paint Palette
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan Description: Stone palette shaped by chipping and grinding sandstone to form a rectangular shape in which three cupules are spaced equally. Each cupule still bears the remnants of minerals ground for paint pigment at Wupatki Pueblo. The yellow, orange, and brown pigments are derived from iron-rich minerals such as limonite, ochre, and perhaps hematite. Dimensions: 23.0L x 11.7W x 3.7T cm. Collection: On display at Wupatki National Monument (catalog card). - Polishing Stone
This small, round stone found on the surface of the site may have been a smoothing or polishing stone, tools used most commonly in pottery manufacture. Other ground stone artifacts recovered from the site include grinding tools, such as manos and metates, used to process seeds, corn, and other foods, and abrading tools used in stone tool manufacture and perhaps hide processing. - Polishing Stone
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan Description: Stone used for smoothing and polishing pottery. Provenience unknown. Dimensions: 4.5 cm (H) x 4.0 cm (W) x 2.5 cm (T) (1.77 x 1.57 x 0.98 in). Collection: On display at Wupatki National Monument. - Basalt Pottery Anvil
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan Description: Basalt pottery anvil used as an aid in shaping ceramic vessels. Provenience unknown. Dimensions: 6 cm (H) x 8.5 cm (W) (2.36 x 3.35 in). Collection: On display at Wupatki National Monument. - Stone Balls
Description: Game tallies? Kick ball? Sling stone? Club head? Or kiva "thunder" stone, rolled across the floor to imitate thunder? Stone balls had many uses. The ball on the left retains what may be hematite or ocher pigment and measures approximately 6.9 cm in width. The ball on the right measures approximately 4.8 cm wide, and was collected with a mortar, in which the ball fit. Collection: On display at Wupatki National Monument (catalog card 1, catalog card 2). - Natural Cup-shaped Concretions
Description: Naturally formed concretions found at Wupatki Pueblo and used for grinding pigments. Dimensions: (left) 0.7H x 1.5diam cm (0.28 x 0.59 in); (right) 3.3H x 1.7W cm (1.3 x 0.67 in). Collection: On display at Wupatki National Monument (catalog card 1, catalog card 2). - Arrow Shaft Straightener
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan (Wupatki Pueblo, A.D. 1130 – A.D. 1260) Description: Sandstone slab with a single groove thought to have been used for straightening arrow shafts; from Wupatki Pueblo. Dimensions: 10.8 (L) x 10.5 (W) x 3.1 (T) cm; groove 3-4 mm deep (4.25 x 4.13 x 1.22 in). Collection: On display at Wupatki National Monument (catalog card). - Full-grooved Basalt Axe Head
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan (Wupatki Pueblo, A.D. 1130 – A.D. 1260) Description: Basalt axe head with a full groove for hafting found on the surface at Wupatki Pueblo. Dimensions: 7.95 (H) x 4.95 (W) x 3.95 (T) cm 3.13 x 1.95 x 1.56 in). Collection: On display at Wupatki National Monument (catalog card). - Paint Palette
Cultural Period: Unknown Description: Carved stone palette bearing traces of red pigment. Unfortunately, the provenience of this artifact is unknown, so the culture or temporal period of use cannot be established. Dimensions: 10.5 (L) x 6.5 (W) cm (4.13 in x 2.56 in). Collection: On display at Wupatki National Monument (catalog card). - Grooved Greenstone Axe
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan Description: Grooved greenstone axe with a broken bit. Provenience: El Morro National Monument. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - 3/4- or 7/8-groove Maul
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan Description: 3/4- or 7/8-groove maul. Provenience: El Morro National Monument. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - Cobble Tool
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, Atsinna Pueblo (A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: Cobble tool described in the artifact catalog as a “paint grinder” with red paint on one surface. The artifact was also used as hammerstone, as evidenced by the battering on the end. Dimensions: L 8.8, W 7.3, T 5.5 CM. Provenience: LA 99 (Atsinna Pueblo), ROOM 18, FILL. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro.