Home / National Park Service Exhibits / Grand Canyon National Park (GRCA) / Archaeology / Artifacts / Tools 26
- Quartz Biface
View with Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) Description: Quartz biface (left: original; right: enhanced with RTI). Dimensions: Unknown. Collection: Grand Canyon National Park (Catalog No. GRCA 103852). - Rose Spring Projectile Point
View with Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) Description: Rose Spring projectile point, orange/buff chert, with one broken notch (left: original; right: enhanced with RTI). Dimensions: Unknown. Collection: Grand Canyon National Park (Catalog No. GRCA 13440). - Rosegate Series Point
View with Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) Description: Rosespring Series projectile point from the Kaibab Plateau; made on black and gray mottled chert (left: original; right: enhanced with RTI). Dimensions: Unknown. Collection: Grand Canyon National Park (Catalog No. GRCA 14476). - Eastgate Point
View with Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) Description: Pink chert Eastgate projectile point (left: original; right: enhanced with RTI). Dimensions: Unknown. Collection: Grand Canyon National Park (Catalog No. GRCA 14483). - Serrated Gypsum Point
View with Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) Description: Serrated Gypsum point made on black and gray chert (left: original; right: enhanced with RTI). Dimensions: Unknown. Collection: Grand Canyon National Park (Catalog No. GRCA 15277). - Cottonwood/Bullcreek Point
View with Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) Description: Cottonwood or Bull Creek projectile point from Tusayan Ruin (left: original; right: enhanced with RTI). Dimensions: Unknown. Collection: Grand Canyon National Park (Catalog No. GRCA 15432). - Elko Series Point
View with Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) Description: Chert Elko Series projectile point (left: original; right: enhanced with RTI). Dimensions: Unknown. Collection: Grand Canyon National Park (Catalog No. GRCA 15753). - Gray Chert Biface
View with Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) Description: Gray chert biface (left: original; right: enhanced with RTI). Dimensions: Unknown. Collection: Grand Canyon National Park (Catalog No. GRCA 16032). - Bull Creek Point
View with Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) Description: White chalcedony Bull Creek projectile point (left: original; right: enhanced with RTI). Dimensions: Unknown. Collection: Grand Canyon National Park (Catalog No. GRCA 21260). - Stone Axe
View 3D Model Description: Stone axe with hafting groove; cutting edge is smoothed from use. Collected from the Echo Cliffs area. Dimensions: Unknown. Collection: Grand Canyon National Park (Catalog No. GRCA 15477). - Awl
This image shows the two sides of a bone awl recovered from the hearth of the pit house. The awl, blackened from burning, was broken during excavation, but could be refit, as shown here. Made from the metapodial of an artiodactyl (deer species), the awl measured 105 mm long and was decorated with a series of worn and polished ridges on one edge. Awls served a variety of purposes and were used prehistorically the manufacture of clothing, baskets, and sandals. - Projectile Points
Surprisingly, the projectile points (used to tip darts and arrows) recovered from the site are not typical of Cohonina-style points, and instead resemble styles used by earlier peoples (right) and Kayenta or Fremont hunters (left). - Awl, Close View
A detailed view of the worn or polished ridges on the side of the awl recovered from the pit house hearth. - Polishing Stone
This small, round stone found on the surface of the site may have been a smoothing or polishing stone, tools used most commonly in pottery manufacture. Other ground stone artifacts recovered from the site include grinding tools, such as manos and metates, used to process seeds, corn, and other foods, and abrading tools used in stone tool manufacture and perhaps hide processing. - Stone Core
Description: Stone core. Dimensions: Unknown. Collection: Grand Canyon National Park.