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- Matting and Basket Fragments
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, Atsinna Pueblo (A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: This mount contains the remains of three different perishable artifacts. The upper left is a rim fragment of a wicker basket. Laurie Webster, of the University of Arizona, describes this basket as having a 1/1 interlaced weave structure with a multiple-element warp, and a rim selvage with 360 degree wrapping around a group of perhaps four twigs. Each warp twig is 1.5 - 1.8 mm in diameter, and the warp channel is approximately 2.0 cm wide. The weft consists of a single twig, 1.0 mm in diameter. There are eight rows of weft per cm. The second artifact (bottom left) consists of the partial base of a wickerwork basket identified by Laurie Webster as having a 1/1 interlacing weave structure with a multiple-element warp. Of the six warp channels in the outermost row of the basket, three contain two twigs and four contain three twigs. The average width of the warp channels is 2.0 cm. The diameter of each warp twig is approximately 2.0 mm, and each weft twig is between 1.5 and 2.0 mm. The basket has seven weft rows per cm. Archaeobotanist Karen Adams identified the raw material as possibly oak (Quercus sp.). A brown substance with off-white specks adhering to the upper surface of the basket may be food residue. The fragments on the right are part of a large, deteriorated, consolidated mat-like object. Laurie Webster identified the weave structure as 1/1 plaiting, and Karen Adams identified the raw material as five-to-ten year old split oak (Quercus sp.) stems. The warp elements are 4.0-6.0 mm in diameter and spaced about 2.0 cm apart, and the weft elements are about 6.0 mm wide and spaced about 2.0 cm apart. Dimensions: 4.5 cm-long by 5.5 cm-wide (upper left); 7.3 cm by 11.0 cm (bottom left); 9.0 cm long and 21.0 cm wide (largest fragment on the right). Provenience: LA 99 (Atsinna Pueblo), RM 17, Fill. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - Coiled Basket Fragments
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, Atsinna Pueblo (A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: Fragments of a close-coiled basketry bowl identified by Laurie Webster, of the University of Arizona, as having a two-rod and bundle foundation and non-interlocking stitches. The rods are 2.0 mm in diameter, and the stitches average 1.5 mm in width. The weave density is two to three rows and five to six stitches per cm. Archaeobotanist Karen Adams identified the rods and stitches as sumac (Rhus sp., probably , aromatic, and the bundle (technically a welt in this basket) appears to be a twisted yucca leaf. Dimensions: 6.5 long x 21.0 wide cm, 4.0 wide x 16.0 long cm, 3.8 wide x 16.8 long cm, and 2.5 long x 13.0 wide cm. Provenience: LA 99 (Atsinna Pueblo), RM 17, Fill. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - Full-groove Double-bit Axe/Maul
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, Atsinna Pueblo (A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: Double-bit axe/maul with a full groove. One side highly polished but chipped and battered on the bits. The other side is flaked but unpolished, suggesting this particular artifact may have been rejuvenated from an axe that longitudinally broke in two. Dimensions: L 11.3, W 6.0, T 2.9 CM. Provenience: LA 99 (Atsinna Pueblo), ROOM 18, FILL. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - Full-groove Double-bit Axe/Maul, Alternate View
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, Atsinna Pueblo (A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: Double-bit axe/maul with a full groove. One side highly polished but chipped and battered on the bits. The other side is flaked but unpolished, suggesting this particular artifact may have been rejuvenated from an axe that longitudinally broke in two. Dimensions: L 11.3, W 6.0, T 2.9 CM. Provenience: LA 99 (Atsinna Pueblo), ROOM 18, FILL. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - Cobble Tool
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, Atsinna Pueblo (A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: Cobble tool described in the artifact catalog as a “paint grinder” with red paint on one surface. The artifact was also used as hammerstone, as evidenced by the battering on the end. Dimensions: L 8.8, W 7.3, T 5.5 CM. Provenience: LA 99 (Atsinna Pueblo), ROOM 18, FILL. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - Cobble Tool, Alternate View
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, Atsinna Pueblo (A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: Cobble tool described in the artifact catalog as a “paint grinder” with red paint on one surface. The artifact was also used as hammerstone, as evidenced by the battering on the end. Dimensions: L 8.8, W 7.3, T 5.5 CM. Provenience: LA 99 (Atsinna Pueblo), ROOM 18, FILL. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - Broken Splinter Awl
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, Atsinna Pueblo (A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: Slender splinter awl from Atsinna Pueblo. A relatively fresh break has removed the tip. Dimensions: L 9.4, W 0.6 CM. Provenience: LA 99 (Atsinna Pueblo), RM 18, Fill. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - San Pedro Point
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, Atsinna Pueblo (A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: Obsidian, corner to side-notched projectile point with convex margins that appear slightly serrated. Identified by Ashlee Bailey, Northern Arizona University graduate student in Anthropology as a San Pedro point, which is an Archaic period point type dating substantially earlier than the occupation of Atsinna Pueblo. Dimensions: L 3.3, W 1.9, T 0.6 CM. Provenience: LA 99 (Atsinna Pueblo), RM 18, Near NE corner of the pueblo, at former ground level. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - "Thumb Handle Cup"
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, Atsinna Pueblo (A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: Red-slipped ceramic “thumb handle cup” or jar finger hold with ground edges. Dimensions: DIAM 4.4, D 2.2 CM. Provenience: LA 99 (Atsinna Pueblo), Room 18, Fill. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - "Thumb Handle Cup," Alternate View
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, Atsinna Pueblo (A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: Red-slipped ceramic “thumb handle cup” or jar finger hold with ground edges. Dimensions: DIAM 4.4, D 2.2 CM. Provenience: LA 99 (Atsinna Pueblo), Room 18, Fill. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - Jar Finger Hold
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, Atsinna Pueblo (A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: Jar finger hold. Dimensions: DIAM 5.0, D 2.4 CM. Provenience: LA 99 (Atsinna Pueblo), Room 18, Fill. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - Jar Finger Hold, Alternate View
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, Atsinna Pueblo (A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: Jar finger hold. Dimensions: DIAM 5.0, D 2.4 CM. Provenience: LA 99 (Atsinna Pueblo), Room 18, Fill. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - Possible Cradle Board Fragment
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, Atsinna Pueblo (A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: Wood fragment identified in the artifact catalog as a possible cradleboard fragment. Epoxy resin was used as a preservative on the wood. Dimensions: L 45.5, W 17.5, T 1.5 CM Provenience: LA 99 (Atsinna Pueblo), Room 18, Floor. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - Possible Cradle Board Fragment, Alternate View
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, Atsinna Pueblo (A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: Wood fragment identified in the artifact catalog as a possible cradleboard fragment. Epoxy resin was used as a preservative on the wood. Dimensions: L 45.5, W 17.5, T 1.5 CM Provenience: LA 99 (Atsinna Pueblo), Room 18, Floor. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - Stone Ornament
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, Atsinna Pueblo (A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: Rectangular stone ornament drilled with a single hole in each corner; from Atsinna Pueblo. The stone appears to be gypsum (selenite). Dimensions: L 5.2, W 2.7, T 0.2 CM. Provenience: LA 99 (Atsinna Pueblo), Room 20, Fill. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro.