- Corrugated Jar with Coiled Fillets, Alternate View
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, Atsinna Pueblo (A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: Reconstructed smeared corrugated with two coiled fillets at the shoulder. Provenience: LA 99 (Atsinna Pueblo), Rm 7, Floor fill. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - Large Sandstone Abrader from North Atsinna
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, North Atsinna (contemporaneous with Atsinna Pueblo, A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: Large heat-damages sandstone abrader with two deep and two shallow grooves on one surface. Provenience: LA 430 (North Ruin, also called North Atsinna), TEST 1, SURFACE-25 CM. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - Awls from the Refuse Mound
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, Atsinna Pueblo (A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: Eight awls from the refuse mound at Atsinna Pueblo. Back Row: Deer metapodial awl with a modified head (left); bird or rabbit bone awl (center); split deer metapodial awl (right). Center Row: Bird bone awl (left); bird tarsometatarsus awl missing the tip (center); and a deer metapodial awl (right). Front Row: Splinter awl with a modified head and missing tip (left); and a metapodial awl with a modified head and missing tip (right). Dimensions: Back Row: L 6.3, W 2.1 CM (left); L 7.2, W 1.5 CM (center); L 7.0, W 2.0 CM (right); Center Row: L 5.9, DIAM 0.5 (left); L 7.3, W 2.4 CM (center); L 5.2, W 2.0 CM (right); Front Row: L 9.2, W 1.2 CM (left); L 15.5, W 1.7 CM (right). Provenience: LA 99 (Atsinna Pueblo), Refuse mound, Test 2. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - Matting and Basket Fragments
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, Atsinna Pueblo (A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: This mount contains the remains of three different perishable artifacts. The upper left is a rim fragment of a wicker basket. Laurie Webster, of the University of Arizona, describes this basket as having a 1/1 interlaced weave structure with a multiple-element warp, and a rim selvage with 360 degree wrapping around a group of perhaps four twigs. Each warp twig is 1.5 - 1.8 mm in diameter, and the warp channel is approximately 2.0 cm wide. The weft consists of a single twig, 1.0 mm in diameter. There are eight rows of weft per cm. The second artifact (bottom left) consists of the partial base of a wickerwork basket identified by Laurie Webster as having a 1/1 interlacing weave structure with a multiple-element warp. Of the six warp channels in the outermost row of the basket, three contain two twigs and four contain three twigs. The average width of the warp channels is 2.0 cm. The diameter of each warp twig is approximately 2.0 mm, and each weft twig is between 1.5 and 2.0 mm. The basket has seven weft rows per cm. Archaeobotanist Karen Adams identified the raw material as possibly oak (Quercus sp.). A brown substance with off-white specks adhering to the upper surface of the basket may be food residue. The fragments on the right are part of a large, deteriorated, consolidated mat-like object. Laurie Webster identified the weave structure as 1/1 plaiting, and Karen Adams identified the raw material as five-to-ten year old split oak (Quercus sp.) stems. The warp elements are 4.0-6.0 mm in diameter and spaced about 2.0 cm apart, and the weft elements are about 6.0 mm wide and spaced about 2.0 cm apart. Dimensions: 4.5 cm-long by 5.5 cm-wide (upper left); 7.3 cm by 11.0 cm (bottom left); 9.0 cm long and 21.0 cm wide (largest fragment on the right). Provenience: LA 99 (Atsinna Pueblo), RM 17, Fill. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - Matting Fragment
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, Atsinna Pueblo (A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: Laurie Webster, of the University of Arizona, identified this artifact as a coarse plaited wicker mat-like object. The warp elements are 5.0-6.0 mm in diameter and 1.5-2.0 cm apart, and the weft elements are 5.0-6.0 mm wide and 5.0-6.0 mm apart. Archaeobotanist Karen Adams identified the raw material as five-to-ten year old split oak (Quercus sp.) stems. Dimensions: 16.0 cm long and 16.5 cm wide. Provenience: LA 99 (Atsinna Pueblo), RM 17, Fill. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - Coiled Basket Fragments
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, Atsinna Pueblo (A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: Fragments of a close-coiled basketry bowl identified by Laurie Webster, of the University of Arizona, as having a two-rod and bundle foundation and non-interlocking stitches. The rods are 2.0 mm in diameter, and the stitches average 1.5 mm in width. The weave density is two to three rows and five to six stitches per cm. Archaeobotanist Karen Adams identified the rods and stitches as sumac (Rhus sp., probably , aromatic, and the bundle (technically a welt in this basket) appears to be a twisted yucca leaf. Dimensions: 6.5 long x 21.0 wide cm, 4.0 wide x 16.0 long cm, 3.8 wide x 16.8 long cm, and 2.5 long x 13.0 wide cm. Provenience: LA 99 (Atsinna Pueblo), RM 17, Fill. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - Historic Zuni Bowl
Cultural Period: Historic, Native American Description: Restored Ashiwi Polychrome bowl (catalog description). Barbara Mills, Professor and Chair of Anthropology at the University of Arizona, says this bowl has a Zuni feather design on the exterior – perhaps early twenthieth century. Commenting on the catalog provenience of Kawkina, she says the feathers are wrong, and that this is probably a recent replica effort. Red paint is usually earlier, but the design is wrong. Deborah Huntley, of the Center for Desert Archaeology, identified this bowl as historic Zuni. Provenience: Kwakina (presumably); see Barbara Mills’ comment above. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - Historic Zuni Bowl, Alternate View
Cultural Period: Historic, Native American Description: Restored Ashiwi Polychrome bowl (catalog description). Barbara Mills, Professor and Chair of Anthropology at the University of Arizona, says this bowl has a Zuni feather design on the exterior – perhaps early twenthieth century. Commenting on the catalog provenience of Kawkina, she says the feathers are wrong, and that this is probably a recent replica effort. Red paint is usually earlier, but the design is wrong. Deborah Huntley, of the Center for Desert Archaeology, identified this bowl as historic Zuni. Provenience: Kwakina (presumably); see Barbara Mills’ comment above. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - Late 1800s Longrifle
Cultural Period: Historic, Anglo (late 1860s) Description: Percussion cap and ball longrifle with a double-set trigger made by J.S. Burson in the late 1800s. The rifle has brass plates on the stock, and bears the stamp “Leman Lancaster PA” on the plate under the hammer and “J.S. Burson, Wabash, Ind” on the barrel. Provenience: Purchased from Mr. E. Norman Flayderman, Greenwich, CN. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - Olivella Shell Bead
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, Atsinna Pueblo (A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: Olivella shell from Atsinna Pueblo; missing the top half. Dimensions: L 1.0, DIAM 0.7 CM. Provenience: LA 99 (Atsinna Pueblo), Room 15, Floor. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - Antler Tine Tool
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, Atsinna Pueblo (A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: Antler tine tool from Atsinna Pueblo. Provenience: LA 99 (Atsinna Pueblo), ROOM 1-S, ON S BENCH. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - Colt Army Model 1860 Revolver, Serial Number
Cultural Period: Historic, Anglo (1848 – 1950) Description: Colt Army Model 1860 revolver bearing the serial number 13122. The barrel is stamped with “ADDRESS COL. SAM COLT NEW-YORK U.S. AMERICA.” This model was manufactured between 1860 and 1873, and was the most common revolver used during the Civil War. Provenience: Unknown. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - Incised Olivella Shell Bead
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, Atsinna Pueblo (A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: Incised and perforated Olivella shell bead from Atsinna Pueblo. Dimensions: L 1.3, DIAM 0.7 CM. Provenience: LA 99 (Atsinna Pueblo), Room 20, Floor & 1 Foot Above. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - Turquoise Bead
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, Atsinna Pueblo (A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: Biconically perforated turquoise disk bead from Atsinna Pueblo. Dimensions: DIAM 0.6, T 0.1 CM. Provenience: LA 99 (Atsinna Pueblo), Room 15, Floor. Collection: National Park Service, El Morro. - Heshotauthla/Pinedale Polychrome Bowl, Alternate View
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan, Atsinna Pueblo (A.D. 1275 – mid-1300s) Description: Pinedale Polychrome bowl with a black-on-red interior and black- and white-on-red exterior (catalog description). Barbara Mills, Professor and Chair of Anthropology at the University of Arizona, says this is Pinedale-style, but locally made. She says she would need to see the exterior, whether the exterior designs are units or bands (a photo of the exterior was not available at the time Dr. Mills was consulted). According to Dr. Mills, it could be Pinedale Polychrome, although it’s unusual; it’s probably another Heshotauthla. Deborah Huntley, of the Center for Desert Archaeology, identified this bowl as Heshotauthla Polychrome, a type unique to the greater Zuni region, including the El Morro Valley. Dimensions: H 12.0, DIAM 29.0 CM. Provenience: LA 99 (Atsinna Pueblo), Rm 2, Lower Fill (3 sherds from upper fill). Collection: National Park Service, El Morro.