Home / National Park Service Exhibits / Wupatki National Monument (WUPA) / Artifacts / Flaked Stone 17
- Flintknapping Tools and Products
Description: Range of tools used in stone tool manufacture and the finished products. Back Row Wooden shaft and shaft straightener, edge grinder, and hammerstone. Center Rows Bifaces and biface fragments, antler tine, and obsidian flakes. Front Row Raw material examples and finished projectile points. Collection: Museum of Northern Arizona: Wupatki. - A History of Wupatki in Flaked Stone
The sequence of projectile points and bifaces displayed represents approximately 13,000 years of people on the landscape of Wupatki. Far Left Basalt hoe or knife (ca. A.D. 1100 - 1200s). Upper row (left to right) Elko-series point made of red chert/chalcedony found near Crack-in-Rock (Archaic); tan-brown chert Plainview point from Wupatki Pueblo; Clovis point made of Black Tank obsidian (ca. 13,000 years old); Elko Corner-notched chert point (Archaic); and Elko Corner-notch chert point (Archaic). Note: The Elko points depicted have been professionally restored. Far right Pueblo-period bifacial knife made from agatized wood and found at Wupatki Pueblo. Bottom row (left to right) Kayenta chert point from Wupatki Pueblo; Cohonina obsidian point from Wupatki Pueblo, Sinagua chert point from Wupatki Pueblo; Cohonina-style point or drill made from chalcedony found in Wupatki Pueblo; Kayenta point from near Crack-in-Rock; Sinagua point from Wupatki Pueblo; Chiricahua-style Archaic point made from chalcedony; and obsidian Cohonina point from Wupatki Pueblo. Collection: On display at Wupatki National Monument (catalog cards are linked in the descriptions of the individual artifacts). - Cohonina Point
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan/Cohonina (Wupatki Pueblo, A.D. 1130 – A.D. 1260) Description: Cohonina-style chalcedony projectile point or drill from Wupatki Pueblo. Dimensions: 45.0L x 9.0W x 2.0T mm (1.77 x 0.35 x 0.08 in). Collection: on display at Wupatki National Monument (catalog card). - Kayenta Point
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan/Kayenta Description: Basally notched projectile point manufactured on chert in the Kayenta style. This point was found on a mesita west of Crack-in-Rock Road. Dimensions: 3.6L x 1.6W x 0.31T cm (1.42 x 0.63 x 0.12 in). Collection: On display at Wupatki National Monument (catalog card). - Cohonina Point
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan/Cohonina Description: Obsidian projectile point manufactured in the Cohonina style. This point was found in the trash on the west side of Wupatki Pueblo. Dimensions: 1.2L x 0.4W x 0.1T cm (0.47 x 0.16 x 0.04 in). Collection: on display at Wupatki National Monument (catalog card). - Ridge Ruin Side-notched Point
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan/Sinagua Description: Ridge Ruin Side-notched chert projectile point, at type manufactured by the Sinagua. This point was found in the trash on the west side of Wupatki Pueblo. Dimensions: 1.3L x 0.6W cm (0.51 x 0.024 in). Collection: On display at Wupatki National Monument (catalog card). - Kayenta Point
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan/Kayenta Description: Kayenta-style projectile point made from brown chert and found in Wupatki Pueblo. Dimensions: 3.3L x 1.8W x 0.4T cm (1.3 x 0.71 x 0.16 in). Collection: On display at Wupatki National Monument (catalog card). - Sinagua Point
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan/Sinagua Description: Obsidian projectile point manufactured in the Sinagua fashion. This point was found across the wash from Wupatki Pueblo. Dimensions: 2.7L x 1.5W cm (1.06 x 0.59 in). Collection: On display at Wupatki National Monument (catalog card). - Elko Corner-notched Point
Cultural Period: Archaic (Elko Series, 8,000 – 950 BP) Description: A nearly complete Elko Corner-notched projectile point made of brown chert. Points such as this would have been attached to a dart for use with an atl-atl or "spear-thrower." Dimensions: 6.0L x 3.0W cm (2.36 x 1.18 in) Collection: On display at Wupatki National Monument (catalog card). - Elko Corner-notched Point
Cultural Period: Archaic (Elko Series, 8,000 – 950 BP) Description: This Elko corner-notched point was found near Deadmans Wash in Wupatki National Monument. The point was manufactured from a white and rust colored chert and has been professionally repaired. Dimensions: 14.0 cm (L) x 6.9 cm (W) x .4 cm (T) (5.5 x 2.7 x .16 in). Collection: On display at Wupatki National Monument (catalog card). - Chiricahua-style Point
Cultural Period: Archaic (Middle Archaic, 4,800 - 2,500 BP) Description: This projectile point was made from translucent white chalcedony and found near Doney Peak in Wupatki National Monument. Dimensions: 2.85 (L) x 1.95 (W) x 0.35 (T) cm (1.12 x 0.77 x 0.14 in). Collection: On display at Wupatki National Monument (catalog card). - Elko Side-notched Point
Cultural Period: Archaic (Elko Series, Archaic, 9,000 - 1,000 BP) Description: This Elko-series projectile point was found three miles west of Crack-in-Rock Ruin in Wupatki National Monument. The point was made from red Chinle chert and was broken in two when first found. It has since been repaired. Dimensions: 4.8 x 2.0 x 0.48 cm (1.89 x 0.79 x 0.19 in). Collection: On display at Wupatki National Monument (catalog card). - Plainview Point
Culture: Paleoindian (Plainview ≈ 13,000 - 10,000 BP) Description: Plainview projectile point base from Wupatki Pueblo, Wupatki National Monument. The material is an unsourced brown chert. The basal thinning on this point is reminiscent of Clovis fluting, leading some researchers to classify this point as a Clovis fluted point rather than a Plainview. Dimensions: 5.2 cm (L) x 2.5 cm (W) x 0.30 cm (T) (2.0 x .98 x .12 in). Collection: On display at Wupatki National Monument (catalog card). - Clovis Point
Cultural Period: Paleoindian (Clovis ≈ 13,000 BP) Description: Clovis fluted projectile point found northeast of West Mesa and east of the Citadel Sink in Wupatki National Monument, Arizona. According to the results of x-ray fluorescence (XRF) testing, the point was made from Black Tank obsidian, the source of which is located more than 50 miles from Wupatki National Monument. Dimensions: 55.4 mm (L) x 27.8 mm (max. W) x 8.8 (max. T). Base width is 25.2 mm (9.2 in) with a basal concavity depth of 4.3 mm. (1.7 in) Both lateral margins are ground. ( 21.8 x 10.9 x 3.5 in ). Collection: On display at Wupatki National Monument (catalog card). Additional Information: Christian E. Downum (1993) Evidence of a Clovis Presence at Wupatki National Monument. Kiva 58(4):487-494. - Stone Hoe
Cultural Period: Ancestral Puebloan Description: Stone hoe made from a hard basalt. Collection: On display at Wupatki National Monument.